Factors associated with mortality from tuberculosis in Iran: an application of a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model to national registry data / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem that causes morbidity and mortality in millions of people per year. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of potential risk factors with TB mortality in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 9,151 patients with TB from March 2017 to March 2018 in Iran. Data were gathered from all 429 counties of Iran by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Statistical Center of Iran. In this study, a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the effect of related factors on TB mortality at the community level. For data analysis, R version 3.4.2 was used with the relevant packages. RESULTS: The risk of mortality from TB was found to increase with the unemployment rate (β

Factors associated with mortality from tuberculosis in Iran: an application of a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model to national registry data / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem that causes morbidity and mortality in millions of people per year. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of potential risk factors with TB mortality in Iran.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 9,151 patients with TB from March 2017 to March 2018 in Iran. Data were gathered from all 429 counties of Iran by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Statistical Center of Iran. In this study, a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the effect of related factors on TB mortality at the community level. For data analysis, R version 3.4.2 was used with the relevant packages.RESULTS: The risk of mortality from TB was found to increase with the unemployment rate (β

Factors associated with mortality from tuberculosis in Iran: an application of a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model to national registry data / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES@#Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem that causes morbidity and mortality in millions of people per year. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of potential risk factors with TB mortality in Iran.@*METHODS@#This cross-sectional study was performed on 9,151 patients with TB from March 2017 to March 2018 in Iran. Data were gathered from all 429 counties of Iran by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Statistical Center of Iran. In this study, a generalized estimating equation-based zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the effect of related factors on TB mortality at the community level. For data analysis, R version 3.4.2 was used with the relevant packages.@*RESULTS@#The risk of mortality from TB was found to increase with the unemployment rate (β

Estimating the esophagus cancer incidence rate in Ardabil, Iran: a capture-recapture method

Background: Accurate cancer registry and awareness of cancer incidence rate is essential in order to define strategies for cancer prevention and control programs. Capture-recapture methods have been recommended for reducing bias and increase the accuracy of cancer incidence estimation

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the esophagus cancer incidence by capture-recapture method based on Ardabil population-based cancer registry data

Patients and Methods: Total new cases of esophagus cancer reported by three sources of pathology reports, medical records, and death certificates to Ardabil province cancer registry center in 2006 and 2008 were enrolled in the study. All duplicated cases between three sources were identified and removed using Excel software. Some characteristics such as name, surname, father's name, date of birth and ICD codes related to their cancer type were used for data linkage and finding the common cases among three sources. The incidence rate per 100,000 was estimated based on capture-recapture method using the log-linear models. We used BIC, G2 and AIC statistics to select the best-fit model

Results: After removing duplicates, total 471 new cases of esophagus cancer were reported from three sources. The model with linkage between pathology reports, medical record sources and independence with the death certificates source was the best fitted model. The reported incidence rate for the years 2006 and 2008 was 18.77 and 18.51 per 100,000, respectively. In log-linear analysis, the estimated incidence rate for the years 2006 and 2008 was 49.71 and 53.87 per 100,000 populations, respectively

Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that none of the sources of pathology reports, death certificates and medical records individually or collectively were fully covered the incidence cases of esophagus cancer and need to apply some changes in data abstracting and case finding

effect of bromocriptine-rebound method on ongoing pregnancy and live birth after intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles: a randomized clinical trial

To assess whether bromocriptine-rebound method [BRM] can improve pregnancy outcomes compared to long protocol after intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles [ICSIs]. A total of 114 women underwent ICSI. Pregnancy outcomes and hormonal data were compared between two groups, i.e. long protocol and BRM. Ovulatory women with normal serum prolactin levels were assigned to either BRM [n = 57 cycles] or long protocol [n = 57 cycles]. Both procedures were carried out in a similar way. However, a group of patients were given bromocriptine daily from the 4[th] day of the preceding cycle until 7 days before gonadotropin stimulation. There were no significant differences in the numbers of developed follicles, total retrieval oocytes, transferred embryo and embryos with superior morphology between the two groups. Also, the values of chemical, clinical and ongoing pregnancies and live births were not significantly different [36.8%, 35.1%, 28.1%, 28.1% in BRM group and 43.9%, 38.6%, 21.1% and 19.3% in long protocol, respectively]. Ongoing pregnancy and live birth were significantly higher in chemical pregnancy in the BRM group [P = .04 and P = .035, respectively]. This prospective study demonstrated that BRM might lead to higher ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates compared to the long protocol in women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles

[Prediction of breast self-examination in a sample of nursing and midwifery students Qom city using health belief model, Iran]

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Breast self-examination [BSE], mammography, and clinical breast examination [CBE] are three effective methods for secondary prevention of this disease. This study was carried out with the purpose of prediction of breast self-examination in a sample of nursing and midwifery students using health belief model. This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on the nursing and midwifery students of Qom University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad University from March2013toJune2013. Data were collected by quota sampling. The Persian questionnaire of Champion's health belief model was used for the evaluation of the participants. Data analysis was done using independent t-test and logistic regression at the significance level of 0.05. The mean age of 113 studied students was 22.5 +/- 3.7. Of this number, 54% were Midwifery students and 46% Nursing students. Results showed that 63.2% of the students performed breast self-examination and in 36.8%, it was not done at all. There was a significant difference in constructs of perceived susceptibility, perceived obstacles, and self-efficacy [p<0.05] between cases who perform self-examination and the ones who did not. In the prediction of breast self examination, only construct of perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy played a role in the self-examination. The findings of this study indicated that self-efficacy and perceived susceptibility are the most important predictors of performing breast self-examination practice. There fore, in training programs, we can increase breast self-examination by increasing self-efficacy and sense of danger in training programs

[Reproductive outcome after hysteroscopic septoplasty in septate uterus and unexplained infertility: prospective cohort study]

Background: Septate uterus is the most common congenital malformation of the uterus in normal population and also patients with recurrent abortions

Pathogenesis of the disease is incompletely elucidated. It is clarified that incomplete absorption of paramesonephric ducts in the first trimester is responsible for septum formation

Hysteroscopy is known as the standard diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for septate uterus. In this study, our aim was to evaluated the effects of hysteroscopic septal resection in improving pregnancy outcomes in patients with unexplained infertility or recurrent abortion

Methods: Prospective cohort study was conducted in a Tehran University Medical Sciences affiliated hospital from April 2012 to May 2013. Eight patients were excluded from the study because of non-reproductive related complains

The other 40 patients went through a prospective cohort study and were treated for septate uterus

All patients had complete history taken and underwent physical examination. Septum size was measured by hysteroscopy

Patients underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty with resecto-scope with an equatorial semicircular loop cutting 12° with monopolar energy. Some septum resected by 5 french hysteroscopic scissor. The patients were visited 2 month later for evaluated surgical outcome. This assessment was done by hysterosalpingogra-phy [HSG]

Patient's reproductive outcome were followed for 10.33 [SD:+/-6.43] months

Results: The mean age in patients was 31.5 [SD;+/-3.02] years. In whole, 48 patients underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty. In 52.1% length of septum occupied two third of uterine cavity

Eight patients were excluded from the study because of non-reproductive related complains

There were 29 pregnant patients [72.5%]

Fifteen patients became pregnant without intervention [51.7%]

14 patients had pregnancy under ART, while the pregnancy did not occur in 11 patients [27.5%] during this period. Among pregnant population there were 9 miscarriage [31%], 3 preterm [13.3%] and 17 term delivery [50%]

Live birth rate in our study was 68.9%. In control hysterosalpingography [HSG], no patients had adhesion or residual ridge

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that hysteroscopic septoplasty is acceptable for improving reproductive outcomes in patients with septate uterus